Hi,People from Classes 300 Here you are : Irregulars Verbs Review.

               ISL.Collectives.com

Modals in the Past and Conditionals

English activies                 Teacher Valderez               EENAV 2018

I. Modals in the past.

1. I ________________________ bread but I didn’t know we needed it. ( have /past possibility)

2. We _______________________ so many people to our party! I’m worried that we won’t have

enough room for everyone. (invite /past negative advice / regret)

3. I ____________________________ saving money years ago! (save / past advice / regret)

4. We ________________________ you at the restaurant, but we couldn’t get a babysitter. (join /past

willingness)

6. I ________________________ on time, even if I’d left earlier. There were dreadful traffic jams

all the way. (arrive /past negative possibility)

7. They __________________________ the football match, but John hurt his ankle. (win /past possibility)

8. Amanda ________________________ the work, but she felt ill and had to go home. (finish /past

willingness)

9. Lucy _______________________ earlier. She missed her flight. (leave /past advice / regret)

10. We ___________________________ the game, even if we’d wanted to. It was raining very hard and

we had to stop. (finish /past negative possibility)

11. I _______________________________ so much chocolate! I feel sick! (eat /past negative advice / regret)

12. Luke ____________________________________ the exam if he’d studied a bit more. (pass /past possibility)

13. John _________________________________ Amy, but he didn’t have her number. (call /past willingness)

14. You ________________________________ rude to him. He’s going to be really angry now. (be /past negative

advice / regret)

15. She __________________________________ to the restaurant if she’d left work earlier. (come /past possibility)

Conditionals.Very easy. Let's practice?

Now, these four types of conditional clauses are the traditional ones though there are OTHER types of conditional clauses.

IF + PRESENT SIMPLE, ...+ IMPERATIVE

We use the imperative to give instructions of advice.

·                If you see John, tell him he needs to come to my office.

·                If you travel abroad, remember your passport

·                If you go to Australia, send me a postcard.

·                If you go to the supermarket, bring back some milk.

·                If Mike comes, call me.

·                If you drink, don't drive.

The highlighted words are in the imperative. These sentences are similar to saying: If the first condition happens, you must do this (in the second/imperative clause).

Conditional Sentences Type I

Complete the Conditional Sentences Type I.

1.If you (go) __________out with your friends tonight, I (watch) _________________the football match on TV.

2. I (earn) ________________a lot of money if I (get) ________________________ that job.

3. If she (hurry / not) ________________ we (miss) _____________________the bus.

     

Complete the Conditional Sentences Type II.

1. If he (try_____________  harder, he (reach) __________________________ his goals.

2. I (buy) ______________________these shoes if they (fit) ___________________________

3. It (surprise / not) ___________________me if he (know / not) ____________________the answer.

Complete the Conditional Sentences Type III.

1. If we (listen) ____________________to the radio, we (hear) _____________________ the news.

2. If you (switch) _____________________ on the lights, you (fall / not) __________________over the chair.

3. She (come) __________________to our party if she (be / not)___________________________________

Conditional Sentences Type I, II or III 

1._______________we ____________(have) enough time if we wanted to see the castle?

2.In case you _______________________(buy) a car, will you teach me to drive?

3. If I __________________(not be) in a hurry, I wouldn't have made so many mistakes.

4.She won't finish it on time if she ____________________________(not start) right now.

5. She _________________________(get angry) if you had told her.

6. On condition that they ________________(support) our product, they would get a discount.

7.Even if I _____________________________ (ask) him, he won't come.

8.Had I driven slowly, I __________________________________(not crash)

9. It will be a disaster unless they _______________________________(help) us.

10. If you ____________________________(have) something to eat, you wouldn't have felt sick.

11.I wouldn't risk it if I _________________________________(be) you.

12. She would get fat if she ___________________________________(not stop) eating.

13.The chicken wasn't good. It _____________________(taste) better if you had put some spices on it.

RUSSIAN FAMOUS BALLET - TCHAIKOVSKY'S SWAN LAKE.

Extract for Swan Lake

https://www.storynory.com/questions-for-swan-lake/

Extract for Swan Lake

https://www.storynory.com/questions-for-swan-lake/

Listen to the extract from our story Swan Lake. It is just under four minutes long. You can also read along with the text, and answer the questions at the end. The passage is about Prince Siegfried.

Extract

That evening, he was greeted by mouths that were toothy and grinning, others that were delicate and demure, and still others that were luscious and red. He could choose from eyes that were feline green, chocolate brown, sky blue, or owl grey. There certainly was no shortage of princesses in all shapes sizes and complexions. But the whole situation seemed to him quite unbearable. Even a prince cannot be pressured into falling in love right on cue. As darkness fell, he slipped away from the crowd and retrieved his horse. By the time his birthday fireworks were lighting up the sky, he had reached the edge of the forest.

Very little light from the stars of the moon came through the canopy of trees, but he and his horse knew the track well. They trod carefully, but he may have taken a different turning from usual, because he soon came across an unfamiliar clearing in the forest, which, as he soon found, opened up onto a lake. The prince sat down on a tree stump not far from the water’s edge and listened to the gentle lapping of the waves. His thumb stroked the silver handle of his crossbow. When a group of swans came gliding across the moonlit water, he recalled that swans are said to mate for life. That, he thought, is because their love is natural and sincere. No-one tells a swan when he or she is supposed to marry.

One of the swans rose out of the water onto the bank, where she stretched her long neck and flapped her wings. Prince Siegfried raised his crossbow and took aim. His finger felt the trigger, but although hunting was one of the keenest pleasures of his gilded life, he could not bring himself to shoot a creature so peaceful and beautiful. He lowered the weapon and put it on the mossy ground beside him. As he did so, his eyes grew a little misty.

Now, he saw that that a star was shining directly onto the swan. But she was no longer quite a swan. Her feathers were fading, and she was undergoing some sort of magical moonlit transformation. He stood up and walked towards the remarkable vision. By the time he reached the spot where she stood, she was more woman than a swan, and then she fell gently backwards into his arms.

Comprehension Questions

1) What celebration is taking place on the day that the passage describes?

2) Why is Prince Siegfried upset at the start of the passage?

3) What does Prince Siegfried admire about the swans?

4) Describe the emotions of Prince Siegfried when he sees the swans.

5) What do you understand by the phrase, "magical, moonlit transformation"?

Vocabulary and Grammar

1) “That evening, he was greeted by mouths that were toothy and grinning, others that were delicate and demure, and still others that were luscious and red.”

What is another word for “demure”?

a) fine
b) modest
c) beautiful
d) soft

2) “Even a prince cannot be pressured X falling in love right on cue.”

What is the missing word?

a) into
b) for
c) toward
d) with

3)”When a group of swans came gliding across the moonlit water, he recalled that swans are said to X for life.”

What is the missing word? (hint: the most correct word for animals and birds)

a) marry
b) mate
c) befriend
d) engage

4) “Although hunting was one of the keenest pleasures of his gilded life, he X not bring himself to shoot a creature so peaceful and beautiful.”

What is the missing word?

a) can
b) could
c) will
d) does

5)”Her feathers were fading, and she was X some sort of magical moonlit transformation.”

What is the missing word?

a) going
b) undergoing
c) over-going
d) through-going

Assignments

Do you think people should marry for love only? Or do you think they should consider other things, such as the opinion of parents, age, social background, religion, and money. Write a short essay and try to consider both sides of the argument.

Describe a ballerina dancing like a swan. Describe her costume, the stage scene, the movement of her arms and feet, and the music. If you need inspiration search for a video of "Swan Lake" on a site like YouTube, or listen to the song that goes with this passage.

Hi,People. It's the time for the World Cup.Let's learn a little about Russian Culture.

https://www.destinationtips.com/destinations/europe/15-things-not-to-do-in-russia/2/

                                                                                                                   

Things NOT to Do in Russia

Whenever you’re traveling to a new destination, it’s important to research local customs before you go. Russia is no exception, especially because the local people tend to be very superstitious and you wouldn’t want to do anything that signifies bad luck.  In Russia, the most important – don’t refuse vodka!

1. Don’t Shake Hands With Your Gloves On Unless You Want to Insult the Person You’re Meeting

It is considered extremely impolite to leave your gloves on while greeting someone with a handshake. So make sure you remove your gloves before any interaction occurs. Also, never shake hands over a threshold as Russians see this as bad luck. They’ll expect an argument to be the outcome of your conversation if you shake hands in a doorway.

______________________________________________

2.. Whatever You Do, Never, Ever Tell a Joke About a Russian Person’s Mama

Many jokes you’ll hear in Russia will not be considered politically correct as gender, race, religion and politics-based laughs are not off limits. However, never make fun of someone else’s family member as this is seen as very disrespectful and insulting.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Don’t Disrespect the Elderly Unless you Want to Invoke the Wrath of Several Much Younger, Much Stronger People

Like with many countries, respecting the elderly is an important part of the family culture. Giving up your seat on a bus or a train for an elderly person or pregnant woman is a sign of respect. In certain countries, some may be offended by this privilege, but in Russia it is expected to offer your seat to someone in need.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. If You Invite Someone Out to Eat, Don’t Expect Them to Pick Up Their Half of the Tab

When dining out, the host is expected to pay the entire bill, as going “Dutch” is considered rude. Also, the tradition of a man covering all expenses when with a female companion is definitely still upheld in Russia.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Don’t Ever Give a Gift of an Empty Wallet … That’s Actually Just a Good Life Rule

Russians believe that giving a gift of an empty wallet or purse is bad luck. They see it as wishing financial hardship or poverty on the receiver of the gift. So, make sure you put a little something special inside if you’re giving a lover or friend a new money holder.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Don’t Expect A Lady To Carry Her Bags, Which Is Another Good Life Rule While We’re At It

In Russia, distinct gender roles still exist. Men are expected to act chivalrously – offering a hand to woman getting off of a bus, opening car doors, assisting with heavy lifting. But it has nothing to do with a lack of feminism in the country. Their women are strong, but most Russian men just believe that lending a hand is a simple act of politeness.
_________________________________________________________________________________________

7. The Russians Reserve Happiness for Important Things, So Don’t Smile Without a Reason

Russians reserve smiling for their friends and family members. So don’t randomly smile at strangers while you’re riding on public transportation or shopping in Moscow. Russians have a saying, “To smile with no reason, is a sign of a fool.”

________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Don’t Show Up Empty Handed, You Stingy Jerk

If you’re invited over to someone’s house for a dinner or a visit, it is considered very rude to show up empty handed. Bring a small gift – a bottle of wine, flowers, dessert or small toy for the children. Russians take pride in preparing elaborate meals for their guests and showing up without a small token of appreciation is a sign that you don’t care.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Get Comfortable, Grab a Drink, and Don’t Leave Your Shoes On

Whenever entering a Russian home it is proper custom to remove your shoes. Many homes are decorated with expensive Persian rugs that are difficult to clean. Some hosts may offer tapochki (slippers) for you to put on. At nice parties, some women may bring an extra pair of heels or shoes for inside use.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Don’t Sit at the Corner of the Table Unless You Want to Live an Existence Doomed to Utter Loneliness

This is another Russian superstition. It is advised that you never sit at the corner of the dining table, especially if you’re a young woman. It is said that “the one who chooses a seat at the corner of a table is

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. Don’t Whistle Indoors Unless You Want to Invite Disaster Into Your Life

Like many Asian cultures, whistling indoors in Russia is considered bad luck. Russians are very superstitious and believe that whistling inside may cause financial ruin, poverty, or another invasion of cockroaches.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

12. Get Ready to Cowboy Up When You Enter a Home; Don’t Refuse a Shot

It is true that many Russians can drink, but not all Russians are heavy drinkers. Most keep one bottle of vodka in their homes at all times for celebrations and random visitors. If you’re offered a shot of vodka don’t refuse it, because sharing a drink is considered a sign of hospitality. Russians don’t see one shot as a big deal, so to them a refusal comes off as untrusting or turning down friendship.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

13.. For Superstition’s Sake, Don’t Keep Empty Bottles on the Table (It’s Also Just Sloppy)

If you’re drinking in a Russian home, leaving an empty liquor bottle on the table is considered to be bad luck. Once the bottle has been drunk, it is best to put it on the floor or throw it out before the next bottle is served. It’s also recommended that you keep your change and keys off the table as well. These are all bad omens of financial loss and tears.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. This Isn’t Denny’s on a Sunday Morning, So Don’t Slack in the Style Department

Russians dress very well. Men and women alike love to dress up even for informal occasions like grocery shopping or going to the bank. You’ll hardly ever see a Russian woman on the street without a full set of makeup and sky-high heels. So, the next time you’re in Russia, up your style standards.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

SHOOT FOR THE MOON.EVEN IF YOU MISS , YOU’LL LAND AMONG THE STARS.

Collocatios. Take and Have - Group 300

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/delexical-verbs-have-take-make-and-give

have, take

We often use common verbs like have and take with nouns like a shower, a drink:

I took a shower. = I showered.
She had a drink. = She drank something.

I took a cold shower.
She had a nice, refreshing drink.

The verbs used most frequently in this way are:

have     take     make     give

have

We use have with:

Food and drink: a meal, breakfast, lunch, dinner, a snack, a cup of tea
Talking: a chat, a conversation, a discussion, a talk
Washing: a bath, a shower, a wash, a scrub
Resting: a break, a holiday, a rest
Disagreeing: an argument, a dispute, a fight, a quarrel

I had a good breakfast before I left home.
We had a long talk about the problem.
The kids should have a bath before they go to bed.
She generally had a short holiday in July or August.
They had a serious quarrel about their father’s will.

We also use have with nouns formed from verbs:

I think you should have a look at this.
She had a bite of the cake.
I’m thirsty. I’m going to have a drink of water.
I had a listen to that new CD in the car.
They are going to have a swim.

take

We use take with:

Washing: a bath, a shower, a wash
Resting: a break, a holiday, a rest

I always take a cold shower in the morning.
You look tired. You need to take a break.

and with these words:

care	a turn	trouble	a chance	a decision
care of	turns	the trouble	a risk	a photograph

We took hundreds of photographs on holiday.

 Teacher Valderez English Activities

take a bath/shower  example:  I like to take showers in the mornings and baths in the evening.

take a bit example: I took a bite of the sandwich when I noticed it has tomatoes which I’m allergic to.

take a break example: I have been studying for five hours, I need to take a break.

take a bus example: John takes the bus to get to school.

 take a look example: Take a look at this dress, I want to wear it to prom.

 take a minute (ten minutes) example: It will take ten minutes for me to get there.

 take a nap example:  I didn’t sleep very well last night, I need to take a nap.

 take a photo example: Can you take a photo of us?

 take a phone call :example: Greg, I will take this phone call in my office.

 take a seat  example: Maggie take a seat and I’ll be right with you.

 take a walk example: The weather is great, we should take a walk.

 take action example: The city needs to take action and fight against crime.

 take advantage example: I take advantage of the fact that my friend works in a clothes boutique.

 take care example: Take care of yourself or you’ll get sick again.

 take charge: example: The deputy took charge in the case of the robbery.

 take notes example: Mary always takes notes during classes.

 take one’s breath away example: When I saw her, she took my breath away.

 take responsibility example: You need to take responsibility for your actions.

 Exercises

 1. I’m tired. I’m going to ___________________________. 2. Ow, my head hurts! I ___________________________. I need to take an aspirin. 3. You should drive safely or you might ___________________________. 4. Thomas isn’t hungry because he already ___________________________ an hour ago. 5. You should see this strange spider I found! Come here and ___________________________. 6. I didn’t ___________________________ yesterday. I had a shower instead. 7. It was Sue’s birthday so we decided to surprise her. We ___________________________. 8. I love to ___________________________ each morning. It helps to wake me up. 9. If you ___________________________, you can ask me for help. 10. We ___________________________ on our holiday … a terrible time, really. It rained for a week. 11. I can’t see you at 3 o’clock. I ___________________________ with my boss at that time.

Hi,People. Here you are. Let's improve even more our English?

DISCOURSE MAKERS.

 Discourse markers are essentially linking words. They show how one piece of conversation is connected to another piece of conversation

Discourse markers  ( reinforce one idea  /  contrast ideas )

For example:

 Mum: “So, how was school today Dylan?”

 Dylan: “Oh, it was ok. You know, that Tom is so rude.”

Mum: “Really? Why do you say that?”

Dylan: “Well, firstly he stole my apple at lunch and wouldn’t give it back. Then he called me names and wouldn’t let me have a turn on the computer.”

Mum: “No way? That’s not kind. The thing is Dylan, he’s a bit of a bully. If I were you, I’d try to ignore him as much as you can or tell the teacher if he’s being really bad.

Discourse markers organise what we say and write.

Discourse markers are words or phrases like anyway, right, okay, as I say, to begin with. We use them to connect, organise and manage what we say or write or to express attitude:

[friends are talking]

A-So, I’ve decided I’m going to go to the bank and ask for a car loan.

B:That sounds like a good idea.

C:Well, you need a car.

B:Right.

A:Anyway, I was wondering if either of you would teach me how to drive.

The discourse markers in this extract have a number of uses:so marks the beginning of a new part of the conversation.

well marks a change in the focus (from getting a car loan to needing a car).

right marks a response (B is agreeing with C).

anyway marks a shift in topic (from buying a new car to having driving lessons).

Some Discourse Makers: anyway, like, right, you know, now, so, I mean, well, as I say, great, okay, mind you,for a start...

In writing, the following discourse markers are common: , firstly ,in addition ,moreover, on the other hand, secondly, in conclusion, on the one hand, to begin with, thirdly ,in sum

We use different discourse markers in speaking and writing. In speaking, the following discourse markers are very common: firstly, in addition, moreover, on the other hand, secondly, in conclusion, on the one hand ,to begin with, thirdly, in sum

http://www.esl-lounge.com/student/vocabulary/2v1-discourse-markers.php

moreover on the other hand at least however besides

firstly whereas then actually though

1. I had a terrible day at work and lost my umbrella too.  I spoke to that nice guy who works in the coffee shop at last

2. Television turns people into lazy couch potatoes.  , there are some educational programmes on.

3.  , I would like to welcome you all to the conference today.

4.  the film was a little boring, we still had a nice evening out.

5. I've always known Caroline as a mean person.  , she lent me $10 yesterday without me having to ask twice!

6. I got up at 9 o'clock yesterday and had a cold shower.  , I had breakfast and left for work.

7. My brother works in a large office  I work on my own at home.

8. Why do you think I don't want to go out tonight.  , I would be delighted to get out of the house.

9. You should go to university as it gives you a chance to meet so many new people. , it gives you the chance to get important qualifications and get a better job.

10. I don't want to go to the football game. Football bores me and I don't want to pay $40 for a ticket.  , look at the weather! All that rain!